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Randomized Controlled Trials

July 10, 2021/22,310 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

Vol 2 | Issue 2 | July-December 2021 | Page 107-110 | Nidhi Bhatia, Anju Grewal DOI: 10.13107/ijra.2021.v02i02.037 Authors: Nidhi Bhatia [1], Anju Grewal [2] [1] Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. [2] Department of Anaesthesia, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Address of Correspondence Dr. Anju Grewal, Professor & Head, […]

Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

July 10, 2021/11,766 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

Vol 2 | Issue 2 | July-December 2021 | Page 102-106 | G. Amudha, Sandeep Diwan DOI: 10.13107/ijra.2021.v02i02.036 Authors: G. Amudha [1], Sandeep Diwan [2] [1] Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [2] Department of Anaesthesia, Sancheti Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India. Address of Correspondence Dr. G.Amudha, Department of […]

Randomized Controlled Trials

July 10, 2021/22,310 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

July 10, 2021/11,766 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

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Randomized Controlled Trials

July 10, 2021/22,310 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

Vol 2 | Issue 2 | July-December 2021 | Page 107-110 | Nidhi Bhatia, Anju Grewal
DOI: 10.13107/ijra.2021.v02i02.037

Authors: Nidhi Bhatia [1], Anju Grewal [2]

[1] Department of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
[2] Department of Anaesthesia, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Address of Correspondence
Dr. Anju Grewal, Professor & Head,
Department of Anaesthesia, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
E-mail: dranjugrewal@gmail.com

Abstract

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a prospective, comparative, quantitative experiment/study that is performed under controlled conditions with random allocation of interventions to comparison groups. Among all the clinical study designs, evidence generated from RCTs is considered to be at top of the evidence pyramid. There are many different RCT designs and they can be classified on the basis of interventions evaluated, participants’ exposure and level of blinding. All RCTs should be planned prospectively, a research question should be formulated, sample population approached and informed consent obtained from participants of the trial. These consented subjects are randomly assigned to any of the study arms and the changes are then measured over time. The basic principles to designing an RCT include formulating a research question, developing a protocol, randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, sample size calculation and registering of RCTs. Appropriate guidelines for reporting RCTs should be followed and RCTs should only be conducted if they are ethically viable, economical and clinically worthwhile.
Keywords: Randomised Control Trial (RCT)

References

1. Zabor EC, Kaizer AM, Hobbs BP. Randomized Controlled Trials. Chest 2020; 158: S79-S87.
2. Bhide A, Shah PS, Acharya G. A simplified guide to randomized controlled trials. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2018;97:380-387.
3. White H, Sabarwal S, De Hoop T. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Methodological Briefs 2014 ; Impact Evaluation No. 7, Methodological Briefs no. 7.
4. Stolberg HO, Norman G, Trop I. Randomized controlled trials. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183:1539-44.
5. Thiruvenkatachari B. Randomized controlled trials: The technique and challenges. J Indian Orthod Soc 2015;49:42-7.
6. World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA. 2013;310(20):2191–2194. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
7. Elliott TR. Registering randomized clinical trials and the case for CONSORT. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2007 Dec;15(6):511-8. doi: 10.1037/1064-1297.15.6.511. PMID: 18179303; PMCID: PMC2518067.
8. Akobeng AK. Understanding randomised controlled trials. Arch Dis Child 2005 ;90:840-4.

How to Cite this Article: Bhatia N, Grewal A | Randomized Controlled Trials | International Journal of Regional Anaesthesia | July-December 2021; 2(2): 107-110.

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Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

July 10, 2021/11,766 Comments/in Volume 2; Issue 2: July-December 2021/by Ijraijraadmin

Vol 2 | Issue 2 | July-December 2021 | Page 102-106 | G. Amudha, Sandeep Diwan

DOI: 10.13107/ijra.2021.v02i02.036

Authors: G. Amudha [1], Sandeep Diwan [2]

[1] Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
[2] Department of Anaesthesia, Sancheti Hospital Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Address of Correspondence
Dr. G.Amudha,
Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India
E-mail: ammuramesh@gmail.com

Abstract

Lumbar plexus is one of the two nerve plexuses which supply the lower limb. It is formed in the posterior abdominal wall within the psoas major muscle. The branches of the plexus exit via the medial and lateral borders as well as its ventral surface. It is a complex plexus which gives a branch to complete the formation of lumbo sacral plexus. The branches mainly supply the groin, anterior and medial compartments of thigh. They also supply the hip and knee joints. The cutaneous innervation by the branches of lumbar plexus is limited to the anterior, lateral and medial parts of the thigh, medial side of the leg and foot and also the lower part of anterior abdominal wall and perineum. Regional anaesthesia is a highly skilled and precise technique used widely in the patients to reduce the drug usage and decrease the intra and post operative complications. Lumbar plexus block can be used in surgeries related to hip joint and anterior part of thigh and groin. To execute the procedure successfully, sound knowledge in anatomy of lumbar plexus is required.
Keywords: Lumbar plexus, Branches, Regional anaesthesia.

References

1. Standring S. Gray’s Anatomy: The anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. In pelvic girdle, gluteal region and thigh:41st edition: London. Elsevier; 2015; 1371-73.
2. Mahakkanukrauh P et al. A cadaveric study of the anatomical variations of the lumbar plexus with clinical implications. J.Anat. Soc. India, 2016;65:24-8.
3. Javier J. Polania Gutierrez; Bruce Ben-David .2020. Lumbar plexus block. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556116.
4. Philip A Anloague, Peter Hujibregts. Anatomical variations of the lumbar plexus: A descriptive anatomy study with proposed clinical implications. The J. Man. Manip.Ther. 2009;17(4): e107-e114.
5. Deepti Arora, Subhash Kaushal, Gurbachan Singh. Variations of lumbar plexus in 30 adult human cadavers – A unilateral prefixed plexus. Int. J. Plant, Animal and Environmental sciences. 2014; 4: 225 – 28.
6. Prof.Gamal S Desouki et al. Study of anatomical pattern of lumbar plexus in human (cadaveric study). Az.J.Pharm Sci. 2016; 54:54-69.
7. Dr.Fasila P. Asis, Dr.Priya Ranganath. A Human cadaveric study on variations in formation and branching pattern of lumbar plexus with its clinical implications.Sch.J of App. Med. Sci.2017;58-63.
8. Ahiskalioglu A, Tulgar S, Celik M, Ozer Z, Alici HA, Aydin ME. Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block as a Main Anesthetic Method for Hip Surgery in High Risk Elderly Patients: Initial Experience with a Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur. J Med 2020; 52(1): 16-20.
9. Chayen D, Nathan H, Chayen M. The psoas compartment block. Anesthesiology. 1976 Jul; 45(1):95-9.

How to Cite this Article: Amudha G, Diwan S | Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist | International Journal of Regional Anaesthesia | July-December 2021; 2(2): 102-106.

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Randomized Controlled Trials

Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

Randomized Controlled Trials

Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

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Randomized Controlled Trials

Authors: Nidhi Bhatia [1], Anju Grewal [2]

Abstract

(Abstract Text HTML) (Download PDF)

Anatomy of Lumbar Plexus and Implications to Regional Anaesthesiologist

Authors: G. Amudha [1], Sandeep Diwan [2]

Abstract

(Abstract Text HTML) (Download PDF)

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